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Description

4 October 2023
๐Ÿ“Œ Sudoku game made with React addictive and Responsive! site offers random sudoku generator helpers and solutions for each game.

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๐Ÿ’ค lazy.nvim


lazy.nvim is a modern plugin manager for Neovim.

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โœจ Features


  • ๐Ÿ“ฆ Manage all your Neovim plugins with a powerful UI
  • ๐Ÿš€ Fast startup times thanks to automatic caching and bytecode compilation of Lua modules
  • ๐Ÿ’พ Partial clones instead of shallow clones
  • ๐Ÿ”Œ Automatic lazy-loading of Lua modules and lazy-loading on events, commands, filetypes, and key mappings
  • โณ Automatically install missing plugins before starting up Neovim, allowing you to start using it right away
  • ๐Ÿ’ช Async execution for improved performance
  • ๐Ÿ› ๏ธ No need to manually compile plugins
  • ๐Ÿงช Correct sequencing of dependencies
  • ๐Ÿ“ Configurable in multiple files
  • ๐Ÿ“š Generates helptags of the headings in README.md files for plugins that don't have vimdocs
  • ๐Ÿ’ป Dev options and patterns for using local plugins
  • ๐Ÿ“Š Profiling tools to optimize performance
  • ๐Ÿ”’ Lockfile lazy-lock.json to keep track of installed plugins
  • ๐Ÿ”Ž Automatically check for updates
  • ๐Ÿ“‹ Commit, branch, tag, version, and full Semver support
  • ๐Ÿ“ˆ Statusline component to see the number of pending updates
  • ๐ŸŽจ Automatically lazy-loads colorschemes

โšก๏ธ Requirements


  • Neovim >= 0.8.0 (needs to be built with LuaJIT)
  • Git >= 2.19.0 (for partial clones support)
  • a Nerd Font (optional)

๐Ÿ“ฆ Installation


You can add the following Lua code to your init.lua to bootstrap lazy.nvim:

lua
local lazypath = vim.fn.stdpath("data") .. "/lazy/lazy.nvim"
if not (vim.uv or vim.loop).fs_stat(lazypath) then
  vim.fn.system({
    "git",
    "clone",
    "--filter=blob:none",
    "https://github.com/folke/lazy.nvim.git",
    "--branch=stable", -- latest stable release
    lazypath,
  })
end
vim.opt.rtp:prepend(lazypath)

Next step is to add lazy.nvim below the code added in the prior step in init.lua:

lua
require("lazy").setup(plugins, opts)
lua
-- Example using a list of specs with the default options
vim.g.mapleader = " " -- Make sure to set `mapleader` before lazy so your mappings are correct
vim.g.maplocalleader = "\\" -- Same for `maplocalleader`

require("lazy").setup({
  "folke/which-key.nvim",
  { "folke/neoconf.nvim", cmd = "Neoconf" },
  "folke/neodev.nvim",
})

โ„น๏ธ It is recommended to run :checkhealth lazy after installation.

Lazy Loading

lazy.nvim automagically lazy-loads Lua modules, so it is not needed to specify module=... everywhere in your plugin specification. This means that if you have a plugin A that is lazy-loaded and a plugin B that requires a module of plugin A, then plugin A will be loaded on demand as expected.

If you don't want this behavior for a certain plugin, you can specify that with module=false. You can then manually load the plugin with :Lazy load foobar.nvim.

You can configure lazy.nvim to lazy-load all plugins by default with config.defaults.lazy = true.

Additionally, you can also lazy-load on events, commands, file types and key mappings.

Plugins will be lazy-loaded when one of the following is true:

  • The plugin only exists as a dependency in your spec
  • It has an event, cmd, ft or keys key
  • config.defaults.lazy == true

๐ŸŒˆ Colorschemes

Colorscheme plugins can be configured with lazy=true. The plugin will automagically load when doing colorscheme foobar.

NOTE: since start plugins can possibly change existing highlight groups, it's important to make sure that your main colorscheme is loaded first. To ensure this you can use the priority=1000 field. (see the examples)

โŒจ๏ธ Lazy Key Mappings

The keys property can be a string or string[] for simple normal-mode mappings, or it can be a LazyKeysSpec table with the following key-value pairs:

  • [1]: (string) lhs (required)
  • [2]: (string|fun()) rhs (optional)
  • mode: (string|string[]) mode (optional, defaults to "n")
  • ft: (string|string[]) filetype for buffer-local keymaps (optional)
  • any other option valid for vim.keymap.set

Key mappings will load the plugin the first time they get executed.

When [2] is nil, then the real mapping has to be created by the config() function.

lua
-- Example for neo-tree.nvim
{
  "nvim-neo-tree/neo-tree.nvim",
    keys = {
      { "<leader>ft", "<cmd>Neotree toggle<cr>", desc = "NeoTree" },
    },
    config = function()
      require("neo-tree").setup()
    end,
}

Versioning

If you want to install a specific revision of a plugin, you can use commit, tag, branch, version.

The version property supports Semver ranges.

  • *: latest stable version (this excludes pre-release versions)
  • 1.2.x: any version that starts with 1.2, such as 1.2.0, 1.2.3, etc.
  • ^1.2.3: any version that is compatible with 1.2.3, such as 1.3.0, 1.4.5, etc., but not 2.0.0.
  • ~1.2.3: any version that is compatible with 1.2.3, such as 1.2.4, 1.2.5, but not 1.3.0.
  • >1.2.3: any version that is greater than 1.2.3, such as 1.3.0, 1.4.5, etc.
  • >=1.2.3: any version that is greater than or equal to 1.2.3, such as 1.2.3, 1.3.0, 1.4.5, etc.
  • <1.2.3: any version that is less than 1.2.3, such as 1.1.0, 1.0.5, etc.
  • <=1.2.3: any version that is less than or equal to 1.2.3, such as 1.2.3, 1.1.0, 1.0.5, etc

You can set config.defaults.version = "*" to install the latest stable version of plugins that support Semver.

Examples

lua
return {
  -- the colorscheme should be available when starting Neovim
  {
    "folke/tokyonight.nvim",
    lazy = false, -- make sure we load this during startup if it is your main colorscheme
    priority = 1000, -- make sure to load this before all the other start plugins
    config = function()
      -- load the colorscheme here
      vim.cmd([[colorscheme tokyonight]])
    end,
  },

  -- I have a separate config.mappings file where I require which-key.
  -- With lazy the plugin will be automatically loaded when it is required somewhere
  { "folke/which-key.nvim", lazy = true },

  {
    "nvim-neorg/neorg",
    -- lazy-load on filetype
    ft = "norg",
    -- options for neorg. This will automatically call `require("neorg").setup(opts)`
    opts = {
      load = {
        ["core.defaults"] = {},
      },
    },
  },

  {
    "dstein64/vim-startuptime",
    -- lazy-load on a command
    cmd = "StartupTime",
    -- init is called during startup. Configuration for vim plugins typically should be set in an init function
    init = function()
      vim.g.startuptime_tries = 10
    end,
  },

  {
    "hrsh7th/nvim-cmp",
    -- load cmp on InsertEnter
    event = "InsertEnter",
    -- these dependencies will only be loaded when cmp loads
    -- dependencies are always lazy-loaded unless specified otherwise
    dependencies = {
      "hrsh7th/cmp-nvim-lsp",
      "hrsh7th/cmp-buffer",
    },
    config = function()
      -- ...
    end,
  },

  -- if some code requires a module from an unloaded plugin, it will be automatically loaded.
  -- So for api plugins like devicons, we can always set lazy=true
  { "nvim-tree/nvim-web-devicons", lazy = true },

  -- you can use the VeryLazy event for things that can
  -- load later and are not important for the initial UI
  { "stevearc/dressing.nvim", event = "VeryLazy" },

  {
    "Wansmer/treesj",
    keys = {
      { "J", "<cmd>TSJToggle<cr>", desc = "Join Toggle" },
    },
    opts = { use_default_keymaps = false, max_join_length = 150 },
  },

  {
    "monaqa/dial.nvim",
    -- lazy-load on keys
    -- mode is `n` by default. For more advanced options, check the section on key mappings
    keys = { "<C-a>", { "<C-x>", mode = "n" } },
  },

  -- local plugins need to be explicitly configured with dir
  { dir = "~/projects/secret.nvim" },

  -- you can use a custom url to fetch a plugin
  { url = "git@github.com:folke/noice.nvim.git" },

  -- local plugins can also be configured with the dev option.
  -- This will use {config.dev.path}/noice.nvim/ instead of fetching it from GitHub
  -- With the dev option, you can easily switch between the local and installed version of a plugin
  { "folke/noice.nvim", dev = true },
}

โš™๏ธ Configuration


lazy.nvim comes with the following defaults:

lua
{
  root = vim.fn.stdpath("data") .. "/lazy", -- directory where plugins will be installed
  defaults = {
    lazy = false, -- should plugins be lazy-loaded?
    version = nil,
    -- default `cond` you can use to globally disable a lot of plugins
    -- when running inside vscode for example
    cond = nil, ---@type boolean|fun(self:LazyPlugin):boolean|nil
    -- version = "*", -- enable this to try installing the latest stable versions of plugins
  },
  -- leave nil when passing the spec as the first argument to setup()
  spec = nil, ---@type LazySpec
  local_spec = true, -- load project specific .lazy.lua spec files. They will be added at the end of the spec.
  lockfile = vim.fn.stdpath("config") .. "/lazy-lock.json", -- lockfile generated after running update.
  ---@type number? limit the maximum amount of concurrent tasks
  concurrency = jit.os:find("Windows") and (vim.uv.available_parallelism() * 2) or nil,
  git = {
    -- defaults for the `Lazy log` command
    -- log = { "--since=3 days ago" }, -- show commits from the last 3 days
    log = { "-8" }, -- show the last 8 commits
    timeout = 120, -- kill processes that take more than 2 minutes
    url_format = "https://github.com/%s.git",
    -- lazy.nvim requires git >=2.19.0. If you really want to use lazy with an older version,
    -- then set the below to false. This should work, but is NOT supported and will
    -- increase downloads a lot.
    filter = true,
  },
  dev = {
    ---@type string | fun(plugin: LazyPlugin): string directory where you store your local plugin projects
    path = "~/projects",
    ---@type string[] plugins that match these patterns will use your local versions instead of being fetched from GitHub
    patterns = {}, -- For example {"folke"}
    fallback = false, -- Fallback to git when local plugin doesn't exist
  },
  install = {
    -- install missing plugins on startup. This doesn't increase startup time.
    missing = true,
    -- try to load one of these colorschemes when starting an installation during startup
    colorscheme = { "habamax" },
  },
  ui = {
    -- a number <1 is a percentage., >1 is a fixed size
    size = { width = 0.8, height = 0.8 },
    wrap = true, -- wrap the lines in the ui
    -- The border to use for the UI window. Accepts same border values as |nvim_open_win()|.
    border = "none",
    -- The backdrop opacity. 0 is fully opaque, 100 is fully transparent.
    backdrop = 60,
    title = nil, ---@type string only works when border is not "none"
    title_pos = "center", ---@type "center" | "left" | "right"
    -- Show pills on top of the Lazy window
    pills = true, ---@type boolean
    icons = {
      cmd = "๎ฏ‡ ",
      config = "๏€“",
      event = "๎ช† ",
      ft = "๏€– ",
      init = "๏€“ ",
      import = "๎‰ฝ ",
      keys = "๏„œ ",
      lazy = "๓ฐ’ฒ ",
      loaded = "โ—",
      not_loaded = "โ—‹",
      plugin = "๏’‡ ",
      runtime = "๎Ÿ… ",
      require = "๓ฐขฑ ",
      source = "๏„ก ",
      start = "๎ซ“ ",
      task = "โœ” ",
      list = {
        "โ—",
        "โžœ",
        "โ˜…",
        "โ€’",
      },
    },
    -- leave nil, to automatically select a browser depending on your OS.
    -- If you want to use a specific browser, you can define it here
    browser = nil, ---@type string?
    throttle = 20, -- how frequently should the ui process render events
    custom_keys = {
      -- You can define custom key maps here. If present, the description will
      -- be shown in the help menu.
      -- To disable one of the defaults, set it to false.

      ["<localleader>l"] = {
        function(plugin)
          require("lazy.util").float_term({ "lazygit", "log" }, {
            cwd = plugin.dir,
          })
        end,
        desc = "Open lazygit log",
      },

      ["<localleader>t"] = {
        function(plugin)
          require("lazy.util").float_term(nil, {
            cwd = plugin.dir,
          })
        end,
        desc = "Open terminal in plugin dir",
      },
    },
  },
  diff = {
    -- diff command <d> can be one of:
    -- * browser: opens the github compare view. Note that this is always mapped to <K> as well,
    --   so you can have a different command for diff <d>
    -- * git: will run git diff and open a buffer with filetype git
    -- * terminal_git: will open a pseudo terminal with git diff
    -- * diffview.nvim: will open Diffview to show the diff
    cmd = "git",
  },
  checker = {
    -- automatically check for plugin updates
    enabled = false,
    concurrency = nil, ---@type number? set to 1 to check for updates very slowly
    notify = true, -- get a notification when new updates are found
    frequency = 3600, -- check for updates every hour
    check_pinned = false, -- check for pinned packages that can't be updated
  },
  change_detection = {
    -- automatically check for config file changes and reload the ui
    enabled = true,
    notify = true, -- get a notification when changes are found
  },
  performance = {
    cache = {
      enabled = true,
    },
    reset_packpath = true, -- reset the package path to improve startup time
    rtp = {
      reset = true, -- reset the runtime path to $VIMRUNTIME and your config directory
      ---@type string[]
      paths = {}, -- add any custom paths here that you want to includes in the rtp
      ---@type string[] list any plugins you want to disable here
      disabled_plugins = {
        -- "gzip",
        -- "matchit",
        -- "matchparen",
        -- "netrwPlugin",
        -- "tarPlugin",
        -- "tohtml",
        -- "tutor",
        -- "zipPlugin",
      },
    },
  },
  -- lazy can generate helptags from the headings in markdown readme files,
  -- so :help works even for plugins that don't have vim docs.
  -- when the readme opens with :help it will be correctly displayed as markdown
  readme = {
    enabled = true,
    root = vim.fn.stdpath("state") .. "/lazy/readme",
    files = { "README.md", "lua/**/README.md" },
    -- only generate markdown helptags for plugins that dont have docs
    skip_if_doc_exists = true,
  },
  state = vim.fn.stdpath("state") .. "/lazy/state.json", -- state info for checker and other things
  build = {
    -- Plugins can provide a `build.lua` file that will be executed when the plugin is installed
    -- or updated. When the plugin spec also has a `build` command, the plugin's `build.lua` not be
    -- executed. In this case, a warning message will be shown.
    warn_on_override = true,
  },
  -- Enable profiling of lazy.nvim. This will add some overhead,
  -- so only enable this when you are debugging lazy.nvim
  profiling = {
    -- Enables extra stats on the debug tab related to the loader cache.
    -- Additionally gathers stats about all package.loaders
    loader = false,
    -- Track each new require in the Lazy profiling tab
    require = false,
  },
}
lua
{
  ui = {
    icons = {
      cmd = "โŒ˜",
      config = "๐Ÿ› ",
      event = "๐Ÿ“…",
      ft = "๐Ÿ“‚",
      init = "โš™",
      keys = "๐Ÿ—",
      plugin = "๐Ÿ”Œ",
      runtime = "๐Ÿ’ป",
      require = "๐ŸŒ™",
      source = "๐Ÿ“„",
      start = "๐Ÿš€",
      task = "๐Ÿ“Œ",
      lazy = "๐Ÿ’ค ",
    },
  },
}

๐Ÿš€ Usage


Plugins are managed with the :Lazy command. Open the help with <?> to see all the key mappings.

You can press <CR> on a plugin to show its details. Most properties can be hovered with <K> to open links, help files, readmes, git commits and git issues.

Lazy can automatically check for updates in the background. This feature can be enabled with config.checker.enabled = true.

Any operation can be started from the UI, with a sub command or an API function:

Any command can have a bang to make the command wait till it finished. For example, if you want to sync lazy from the cmdline, you can use:

shell
nvim --headless "+Lazy! sync" +qa

opts is a table with the following key-values:

  • wait: when true, then the call will wait till the operation completed
  • show: when false, the UI will not be shown
  • plugins: a list of plugin names to run the operation on
  • concurrency: limit the number of concurrently running tasks

Stats API (require("lazy").stats()):

lua
{
  -- startuptime in milliseconds till UIEnter
  startuptime = 0,
  -- when true, startuptime is the accurate cputime for the Neovim process. (Linux & macOS)
  -- this is more accurate than `nvim --startuptime`, and as such will be slightly higher
  -- when false, startuptime is calculated based on a delta with a timestamp when lazy started.
  real_cputime = false,
  count = 0, -- total number of plugins
  loaded = 0, -- number of loaded plugins
  ---@type table<string, number>
  times = {},
}

lazy.nvim provides a statusline component that you can use to show the number of pending updates. Make sure to enable config.checker.enabled = true to make this work.

lua
require("lualine").setup({
  sections = {
    lualine_x = {
      {
        require("lazy.status").updates,
        cond = require("lazy.status").has_updates,
        color = { fg = "#ff9e64" },
      },
    },
  },
})

๐Ÿ“† User Events

The following user events will be triggered:

  • LazyDone: when lazy has finished starting up and loaded your config
  • LazySync: after running sync
  • LazyInstall: after an install
  • LazyUpdate: after an update
  • LazyClean: after a clean
  • LazyCheck: after checking for updates
  • LazyLog: after running log
  • LazyLoad: after loading a plugin. The data attribute will contain the plugin name.
  • LazySyncPre: before running sync
  • LazyInstallPre: before an install
  • LazyUpdatePre: before an update
  • LazyCleanPre: before a clean
  • LazyCheckPre: before checking for updates
  • LazyLogPre: before running log
  • LazyReload: triggered by change detection after reloading plugin specs
  • VeryLazy: triggered after LazyDone and processing VimEnter auto commands
  • LazyVimStarted: triggered after UIEnter when require("lazy").stats().startuptime has been calculated. Useful to update the startuptime on your dashboard.

๐Ÿ”’ Lockfile lazy-lock.json


After every update, the local lockfile is updated with the installed revisions. It is recommended to have this file under version control.

If you use your Neovim config on multiple machines, using the lockfile, you can ensure that the same version of every plugin is installed.

If you are on another machine, you can do :Lazy restore, to update all your plugins to the version from the lockfile.

โšก Performance


Great care has been taken to make the startup code (lazy.core) as efficient as possible. During startup, all Lua files used before VimEnter or BufReadPre are byte-compiled and cached, similar to what impatient.nvim does.

My config for example loads in about 11ms with 93 plugins. I do a lot of lazy-loading though :)

lazy.nvim comes with an advanced profiler :Lazy profile to help you improve performance. The profiling view shows you why and how long it took to load your plugins.

image

๐Ÿ› Debug


See an overview of active lazy-loading handlers and what's in the module cache.

image

โ–ถ๏ธ Startup Sequence


lazy.nvim does NOT use Neovim packages and even disables plugin loading completely (vim.go.loadplugins = false). It takes over the complete startup sequence for more flexibility and better performance.

In practice this means that step 10 of Neovim Initialization is done by Lazy:

  1. All the plugins' init() functions are executed
  2. All plugins with lazy=false are loaded. This includes sourcing /plugin and /ftdetect files. (/after will not be sourced yet)
  3. All files from /plugin and /ftdetect directories in your rtp are sourced (excluding /after)
  4. All /after/plugin files are sourced (this includes /after from plugins)

Files from runtime directories are always sourced in alphabetical order.

๐Ÿ“‚ Structuring Your Plugins


Some users may want to split their plugin specs in multiple files. Instead of passing a spec table to setup(), you can use a Lua module. The specs from the module and any top-level sub-modules will be merged together in the final spec, so it is not needed to add require calls in your main plugin file to the other files.

The benefits of using this approach:

  • Simple to add new plugin specs. Just create a new file in your plugins module.
  • Allows for caching of all your plugin specs. This becomes important if you have a lot of smaller plugin specs.
  • Spec changes will automatically be reloaded when they're updated, so the :Lazy UI is always up to date.

Example:

  • ~/.config/nvim/init.lua
lua
require("lazy").setup("plugins")
  • ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins.lua or ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins/init.lua (this file is optional)
lua
return {
  "folke/neodev.nvim",
  "folke/which-key.nvim",
  { "folke/neoconf.nvim", cmd = "Neoconf" },
}
  • Any lua file in ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins/*.lua will be automatically merged in the main plugin spec

For a real-life example, you can check LazyVim and more specifically:

โ†ฉ๏ธ Importing Specs, config & opts

As part of a spec, you can add import statements to import additional plugin modules. Both of the setup() calls are equivalent:

lua
require("lazy").setup("plugins")

-- Same as:
require("lazy").setup({{import = "plugins"}})

To import multiple modules from a plugin, add additional specs for each import. For example, to import LazyVim core plugins and an optional plugin:

lua
require("lazy").setup({
  spec = {
    { "LazyVim/LazyVim", import = "lazyvim.plugins" },
    { import = "lazyvim.plugins.extras.coding.copilot" },
  }
})

When you import specs, you can override them by simply adding a spec for the same plugin to your local specs, adding any keys you want to override / merge.

opts, dependencies, cmd, event, ft and keys are always merged with the parent spec. Any other property will override the property from the parent spec.

๐Ÿ“ฆ Migration Guide


packer.nvim

  • setup โžก๏ธ init
  • requires โžก๏ธ dependencies
  • as โžก๏ธ name
  • opt โžก๏ธ lazy
  • run โžก๏ธ build
  • lock โžก๏ธ pin
  • disable=true โžก๏ธ enabled = false
  • tag='*' โžก๏ธ version="*"
  • after is not needed for most use-cases. Use dependencies otherwise.
  • wants is not needed for most use-cases. Use dependencies otherwise.
  • config don't support string type, use fun(LazyPlugin) instead.
  • module is auto-loaded. No need to specify
  • keys spec is different
  • rtp can be accomplished with:
lua
config = function(plugin)
    vim.opt.rtp:append(plugin.dir .. "/custom-rtp")
end

With packer wants, requires and after can be used to manage dependencies. With lazy, this isn't needed for most of the Lua dependencies. They can be installed just like normal plugins (even with lazy=true) and will be loaded when other plugins need them. The dependencies key can be used to group those required plugins with the one that requires them. The plugins which are added as dependencies will always be lazy-loaded and loaded when the plugin is loaded.

paq-nvim

  • as โžก๏ธ name
  • opt โžก๏ธ lazy
  • run โžก๏ธ build

โŒ Uninstalling


To uninstall lazy.nvim, you need to remove the following files and directories:

  • data: ~/.local/share/nvim/lazy
  • state: ~/.local/state/nvim/lazy
  • lockfile: ~/.config/nvim/lazy-lock.json

Paths can differ if you changed XDG environment variables.

๐Ÿ“š Plugin Authors


If your plugin needs a build step, you can create a file build.lua or build/init.lua in the root of your repo. This file will be loaded when the plugin is installed or updated.

This makes it easier for users, as they no longer need to specify a build command.

๐Ÿ“ฆ Other Neovim Plugin Managers in Lua